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Arrays va Associative Arrays

Kirish​

Bash scriptingda arrays (massivlar) va associative arrays (assotsiativ massivlar) yordamida ko‘p miqdordagi ma’lumotlarni tartibli va qulay boshqarish mumkin. Bu imkoniyatlar murakkab skriptlar va avtomatlashtirishda juda foydali.

Oddiy Arrays (Indexed Arrays)​

E’lon qilish va qiymat berish​

fruits=("olma" "banan" "uzum" "shaftoli")

Elementga murojaat qilish​

echo ${fruits[0]}    # olma
echo ${fruits[2]}    # uzum

Barcha elementlarni ko‘rsatish​

echo ${fruits[@]}

Elementlar sonini aniqlash​

echo ${#fruits[@]}   # 4

Element qo‘shish​

fruits+=("gilos")

Elementlarni sikl orqali o‘qish​

for fruit in "${fruits[@]}"; do
    echo $fruit
done

Elementni o‘chirish​

unset fruits[1]      # "banan" o‘chiriladi

Associative Arrays (Assotsiativ massivlar)​

E’lon qilish​

declare -A user
user[name]="Ali"
user[age]=25
user[email]="ali@example.com"

Elementga murojaat qilish​

echo ${user[name]}   # Ali
echo ${user[age]}    # 25

Barcha kalitlarni va qiymatlarni ko‘rsatish​

echo ${!user[@]}     # name age email
echo ${user[@]}      # Ali 25 ali@example.com

Sikl orqali o‘qish​

for key in "${!user[@]}"; do
    echo "$key: ${user[$key]}"
done

Element qo‘shish va o‘chirish​

user[city]="Toshkent"
unset user[email]

Amaliy misollar​

1. Foydalanuvchilar ro‘yxatini associative arrayda saqlash​

declare -A users
users[ali]="ali@example.com"
users[vali]="vali@example.com"
users[sami]="sami@example.com"

for name in "${!users[@]}"; do
    echo "$name: ${users[$name]}"
done

2. Indexed arraydan elementlarni filtrlash​

numbers=(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)
for num in "${numbers[@]}"; do
    if (( num % 2 == 0 )); then
        echo "$num juft son"
    fi
done

3. Associative arraydan qiymat bo‘yicha qidirish​

declare -A colors
colors[red]="#FF0000"
colors[green]="#00FF00"
colors[blue]="#0000FF"

search="#00FF00"
for key in "${!colors[@]}"; do
    if [[ "${colors[$key]}" == "$search" ]]; then
        echo "$key rangi topildi!"
    fi
done

Xulosa​

Arrays va associative arrays yordamida bash skriptlarida ma’lumotlarni tartibli va samarali boshqarish mumkin. Indexed arrays — tartibli ro‘yxatlar uchun, associative arrays — kalit-qiymat juftliklari uchun qulay. Amaliyotda bu imkoniyatlar murakkab avtomatlashtirish va tahlil