AWS CLI - EC2

Mundarija

Asosiy Tushunchalar
EC2 Instances Boshqaruvi
Instance Attributes
Elastic IP
Filters va Query
Amaliy Misollar
Best Practices

1. Asosiy Tushunchalar

AWS CLI Konfiguratsiya

# Credentials sozlash
aws configure set aws_access_key_id "YOUR_ACCESS_KEY"
aws configure set aws_secret_access_key "YOUR_SECRET_KEY"
aws configure set default.region "us-east-1"
aws configure set default.output "json"

# Tekshirish
aws configure list

Buyruq Tuzilishi

aws <service> <command> <subcommand> [options]

# Misol:
aws ec2 describe-instances --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=myserver"

2. EC2 Instances Boshqaruvi

Instancelarni Ko'rish

# Barcha instancelarni ko'rish
aws ec2 describe-instances

# Jadval formatda
aws ec2 describe-instances --output table

# Faqat kerakli ma'lumotlar
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId,InstanceType,State.Name,Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0]]' \
  --output table

# Running instancelarni ko'rish
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --output table

Instance ID ni Topish

# Nom bo'yicha Instance ID topish
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

echo "Instance ID: $INSTANCE_ID"

# Ko'p instancelarning ID'larini olish
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId' \
  --output text

Instance Stop/Start/Restart

# To'xtatish
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# To'xtaguncha kutish
aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
echo "Instance to'xtatildi"

# Ishga tushirish
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# Ishga tushguncha kutish
aws ec2 wait instance-running --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
echo "Instance ishga tushdi"

# Restart
aws ec2 reboot-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# O'chirish (terminate)
aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

Instance Ma'lumotlarini Olish

# Public IP
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].PublicIpAddress' \
  --output text

# Private IP
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].PrivateIpAddress' \
  --output text

# Instance Type
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceType' \
  --output text

# State
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name' \
  --output text

# Availability Zone
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].Placement.AvailabilityZone' \
  --output text

3. Instance Attributes

Termination Protection

# Yoqish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --disable-api-termination

# Tekshirish
aws ec2 describe-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --attribute disableApiTermination

# O'chirish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --no-disable-api-termination

Stop Protection

# Yoqish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --disable-api-stop

# Tekshirish
aws ec2 describe-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --attribute disableApiStop

# O'chirish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --no-disable-api-stop

Instance Type O'zgartirish

# 1. Instance'ni to'xtatish
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# 2. Type o'zgartirish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --instance-type t2.nano

# 3. Qayta ishga tushirish
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-running --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# 4. Tekshirish
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].[InstanceId,InstanceType,State.Name]' \
  --output table

To'liq Script - Instance Type O'zgartirish

#!/bin/bash
# Instance type o'zgartirish scripti

INSTANCE_NAME="web-server"
NEW_TYPE="t2.nano"

# Instance ID topish
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

echo "Instance ID: $INSTANCE_ID"
echo "Yangi type: $NEW_TYPE"

# To'xtatish
echo "Instance to'xtatilmoqda..."
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
echo "To'xtatildi"

# Type o'zgartirish
echo "Type o'zgartirilmoqda..."
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --instance-type $NEW_TYPE
echo "O'zgartirildi"

# Ishga tushirish
echo "Ishga tushirilmoqda..."
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-running --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
echo "Ishga tushdi"

# Natija
echo "Natija:"
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].[InstanceId,InstanceType,State.Name]' \
  --output table

4. Elastic IP

Elastic IP Ko'rish

# Barcha Elastic IP'lar
aws ec2 describe-addresses

# Jadval formatda
aws ec2 describe-addresses --output table

# Faqat allocation ID'lar
aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --query 'Addresses[*].AllocationId' \
  --output text

Elastic IP Yaratish

# Oddiy yaratish
aws ec2 allocate-address

# Tag bilan yaratish
aws ec2 allocate-address \
  --tag-specifications 'ResourceType=elastic-ip,Tags=[{Key=Name,Value=prod-eip}]'

# Allocation ID ni saqlash
ALLOCATION_ID=$(aws ec2 allocate-address \
  --tag-specifications 'ResourceType=elastic-ip,Tags=[{Key=Name,Value=prod-eip}]' \
  --query 'AllocationId' \
  --output text)

echo "Allocation ID: $ALLOCATION_ID"

# Public IP ni ko'rish
PUBLIC_IP=$(aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --allocation-ids $ALLOCATION_ID \
  --query 'Addresses[0].PublicIp' \
  --output text)

echo "Public IP: $PUBLIC_IP"

Elastic IP ni Instance'ga Ulash

# Instance ID va Allocation ID olish
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

ALLOCATION_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=prod-eip" \
  --query 'Addresses[0].AllocationId' \
  --output text)

# Ulash
aws ec2 associate-address \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --allocation-id $ALLOCATION_ID

# Tekshirish
aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --allocation-ids $ALLOCATION_ID \
  --query 'Addresses[0].[AllocationId,PublicIp,InstanceId]' \
  --output table

Elastic IP Uzish va O'chirish

# Association ID topish
ASSOCIATION_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --allocation-ids $ALLOCATION_ID \
  --query 'Addresses[0].AssociationId' \
  --output text)

# Uzish
aws ec2 disassociate-address --association-id $ASSOCIATION_ID

# O'chirish
aws ec2 release-address --allocation-id $ALLOCATION_ID

To'liq Script - EIP Yaratish va Ulash

#!/bin/bash
# Elastic IP yaratish va ulash scripti

INSTANCE_NAME="web-server"
EIP_NAME="prod-eip"

# Instance ID topish
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

echo "Instance ID: $INSTANCE_ID"

# Elastic IP yaratish
echo "Elastic IP yaratilmoqda..."
ALLOCATION_ID=$(aws ec2 allocate-address \
  --tag-specifications "ResourceType=elastic-ip,Tags=[{Key=Name,Value=$EIP_NAME}]" \
  --query 'AllocationId' \
  --output text)

PUBLIC_IP=$(aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --allocation-ids $ALLOCATION_ID \
  --query 'Addresses[0].PublicIp' \
  --output text)

echo "Allocation ID: $ALLOCATION_ID"
echo "Public IP: $PUBLIC_IP"

# Instance'ga ulash
echo "Instance'ga ulanmoqda..."
aws ec2 associate-address \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --allocation-id $ALLOCATION_ID

echo "Ulandi!"

# Natija
echo "Natija:"
aws ec2 describe-addresses \
  --allocation-ids $ALLOCATION_ID \
  --output table

5. Filters va Query

Filters - Filterlash

# Tag bo'yicha
--filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server"

# State bo'yicha
--filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running"

# Instance type bo'yicha
--filters "Name=instance-type,Values=t2.micro"

# Ko'p filterlar
--filters \
  "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server" \
  "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running"

# Tag bilan state
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters \
    "Name=tag:Environment,Values=production" \
    "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId,Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0]]' \
  --output table

Query - Ma'lumot Olish

# Birinchi element
--query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId'

# Barcha elementlar
--query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId'

# Ko'p maydonlar
--query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId,InstanceType,State.Name]'

# Tag qiymati
--query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0]'

# Shartli query
--query 'Reservations[*].Instances[?State.Name==`running`].InstanceId'

# Murakkab query
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].{
    ID:InstanceId,
    Type:InstanceType,
    State:State.Name,
    Name:Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0],
    IP:PublicIpAddress
  }' \
  --output table

Output Formatlar

# JSON (default)
--output json

# Jadval
--output table

# Text (faqat qiymatlar)
--output text

# YAML
--output yaml

6. Amaliy Misollar

Misol 1: Barcha Running Instancelarni To'xtatish

#!/bin/bash

# Running instancelarni topish
INSTANCE_IDS=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

# Agar instance bo'lsa
if [ ! -z "$INSTANCE_IDS" ]; then
  echo "To'xtatilayotgan instancelar: $INSTANCE_IDS"
  
  # Har birini to'xtatish
  for id in $INSTANCE_IDS; do
    echo "To'xtatilmoqda: $id"
    aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $id
  done
  
  echo "Barcha instancelar to'xtatildi"
else
  echo "Running instancelar topilmadi"
fi

Misol 2: Instance Status Hisoboti

#!/bin/bash

echo "EC2 Instance Status Hisoboti"
echo "=============================="
echo ""

# Running
RUNNING=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId' \
  --output text | wc -w)

# Stopped
STOPPED=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=stopped" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId' \
  --output text | wc -w)

# Terminated
TERMINATED=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=terminated" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId' \
  --output text | wc -w)

echo "Running: $RUNNING"
echo "Stopped: $STOPPED"
echo "Terminated: $TERMINATED"
echo ""

# Batafsil
echo "Running Instances:"
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId,InstanceType,Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0]]' \
  --output table

Misol 3: Instance Backup (AMI Yaratish)

#!/bin/bash

INSTANCE_NAME="web-server"
DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M)

# Instance ID topish
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

echo "Instance ID: $INSTANCE_ID"
echo "AMI yaratilmoqda..."

# AMI yaratish
AMI_ID=$(aws ec2 create-image \
  --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID \
  --name "$INSTANCE_NAME-backup-$DATE" \
  --description "Backup of $INSTANCE_NAME on $DATE" \
  --no-reboot \
  --query 'ImageId' \
  --output text)

echo "AMI ID: $AMI_ID"
echo "AMI yaratildi"

# Tag qo'shish
aws ec2 create-tags \
  --resources $AMI_ID \
  --tags Key=Name,Value="$INSTANCE_NAME-backup" Key=Date,Value="$DATE"

echo "Backup tugadi"

Misol 4: Instance Ma'lumotlarini Export

#!/bin/bash

# CSV faylga export
aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[
    InstanceId,
    InstanceType,
    State.Name,
    PublicIpAddress,
    PrivateIpAddress,
    Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value|[0]
  ]' \
  --output text | \
  awk 'BEGIN {print "InstanceID,Type,State,PublicIP,PrivateIP,Name"} 
       {print $1","$2","$3","$4","$5","$6}' > instances.csv

echo "Ma'lumotlar instances.csv fayliga saqlandi"
cat instances.csv

7. Best Practices

O'zgaruvchilardan Foydalanish

# Yaxshi usul
INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text)

aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# Yomon usul (har safar query)
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $(aws ec2 describe-instances ...)

Error Handling

#!/bin/bash

INSTANCE_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-instances \
  --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=web-server" \
  --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' \
  --output text 2>/dev/null)

if [ -z "$INSTANCE_ID" ] || [ "$INSTANCE_ID" == "None" ]; then
  echo "ERROR: Instance topilmadi"
  exit 1
fi

echo "Instance topildi: $INSTANCE_ID"

# Amaliyotni bajarish
if aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID 2>/dev/null; then
  echo "Instance to'xtatildi"
else
  echo "ERROR: Instance to'xtatilmadi"
  exit 1
fi

Wait Commandlaridan Foydalanish

# Yaxshi - kutish bilan
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID --instance-type t2.nano
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 wait instance-running --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

# Yomon - kutsiz
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID --instance-type t2.nano
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

Dry Run

# Avval dry-run bilan sinab ko'ring
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID --dry-run

# Agar muammo bo'lmasa, asl buyruqni bajaring
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID

Logging

#!/bin/bash

LOG_FILE="/var/log/ec2-operations.log"

log() {
  echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1" | tee -a $LOG_FILE
}

log "Instance to'xtatish boshlandi"
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids $INSTANCE_ID
log "Instance to'xtatildi"

Tez-tez Ishlatiladigan Buyruqlar

# Instance ID topish
aws ec2 describe-instances --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=NAME" --query 'Reservations[0].Instances[0].InstanceId' --output text

# Running instancelar
aws ec2 describe-instances --filters "Name=instance-state-name,Values=running" --output table

# Instance to'xtatish
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids INSTANCE_ID && aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids INSTANCE_ID

# Instance ishga tushirish
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids INSTANCE_ID && aws ec2 wait instance-running --instance-ids INSTANCE_ID

# Termination protection yoqish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id INSTANCE_ID --disable-api-termination

# Stop protection yoqish
aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id INSTANCE_ID --disable-api-stop

# Instance type o'zgartirish
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids ID && aws ec2 wait instance-stopped --instance-ids ID && aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id ID --instance-type t2.nano && aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids ID

# Elastic IP yaratish va ulash
ALLOC=$(aws ec2 allocate-address --query 'AllocationId' --output text) && aws ec2 associate-address --instance-id INSTANCE_ID --allocation-id $ALLOC

# Barcha Elastic IP'lar
aws ec2 describe-addresses --output table

Mundarija​

1. Asosiy Tushunchalar​

AWS CLI Konfiguratsiya​

Buyruq Tuzilishi​

2. EC2 Instances Boshqaruvi​

Instancelarni Ko'rish​

Instance ID ni Topish​

Instance Stop/Start/Restart​

Instance Ma'lumotlarini Olish​

3. Instance Attributes​

Termination Protection​

Stop Protection​

Instance Type O'zgartirish​

To'liq Script - Instance Type O'zgartirish​

4. Elastic IP​

Elastic IP Ko'rish​

Elastic IP Yaratish​

Elastic IP ni Instance'ga Ulash​

Elastic IP Uzish va O'chirish​

To'liq Script - EIP Yaratish va Ulash​

5. Filters va Query​

Filters - Filterlash​

Query - Ma'lumot Olish​

Output Formatlar​

6. Amaliy Misollar​

Misol 1: Barcha Running Instancelarni To'xtatish​

Misol 2: Instance Status Hisoboti​

Misol 3: Instance Backup (AMI Yaratish)​

Misol 4: Instance Ma'lumotlarini Export​

7. Best Practices​

O'zgaruvchilardan Foydalanish​

Error Handling​

Wait Commandlaridan Foydalanish​

Dry Run​

Logging​

Tez-tez Ishlatiladigan Buyruqlar​

Mundarija

1. Asosiy Tushunchalar

AWS CLI Konfiguratsiya

Buyruq Tuzilishi

2. EC2 Instances Boshqaruvi

Instancelarni Ko'rish

Instance ID ni Topish

Instance Stop/Start/Restart

Instance Ma'lumotlarini Olish

3. Instance Attributes

Termination Protection

Stop Protection

Instance Type O'zgartirish

To'liq Script - Instance Type O'zgartirish

4. Elastic IP

Elastic IP Ko'rish

Elastic IP Yaratish

Elastic IP ni Instance'ga Ulash

Elastic IP Uzish va O'chirish

To'liq Script - EIP Yaratish va Ulash

5. Filters va Query

Filters - Filterlash

Query - Ma'lumot Olish

Output Formatlar

6. Amaliy Misollar

Misol 1: Barcha Running Instancelarni To'xtatish

Misol 2: Instance Status Hisoboti

Misol 3: Instance Backup (AMI Yaratish)

Misol 4: Instance Ma'lumotlarini Export

7. Best Practices

O'zgaruvchilardan Foydalanish

Error Handling

Wait Commandlaridan Foydalanish

Dry Run

Logging

Tez-tez Ishlatiladigan Buyruqlar